Difference between revisions of "Tabriz Rug/Original Persian Rugs"
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Azerbaijan, located in North-west Iran with Tabriz as its center, with suitable ecological conditions, has always enjoyed a unique position as one of carpet weaving poles. During the Teymorid rule, Tabriz along with Herat, the government center of this dynasty, has been considered an important center of carpet deals. The Tabriz art begins with the start of the rule of the Safavid and transformation of the capital from Herat to Tabriz. As a focal point of the art of the time, Tabriz hosted then world art of artists in all different fields. The carpet weaving art enjoyed a lot from the presence of prominent painters such as Behzad Heravi and his students. This step was completed with the establishment of large carpet weaving workshops and the presence of first ranking weavers, so that the situation became an example in Iran and world history of carpet weaving. The decline of this art from its peak started with the collapse of Safavid rule and continued until the early nineteenth century. Due to the activities of Tabriz business persons, carpet weaving comes to life for a second time and by entering the world market, a new start is practiced. Different and sometimes unique characteristics, also the fact that Tabriz is the center point of north-west carpet weaving style of Iran, makes this city, undoubtedly out of the five city style carpet weaving of Iran. | Azerbaijan, located in North-west Iran with Tabriz as its center, with suitable ecological conditions, has always enjoyed a unique position as one of carpet weaving poles. During the Teymorid rule, Tabriz along with Herat, the government center of this dynasty, has been considered an important center of carpet deals. The Tabriz art begins with the start of the rule of the Safavid and transformation of the capital from Herat to Tabriz. As a focal point of the art of the time, Tabriz hosted then world art of artists in all different fields. The carpet weaving art enjoyed a lot from the presence of prominent painters such as Behzad Heravi and his students. This step was completed with the establishment of large carpet weaving workshops and the presence of first ranking weavers, so that the situation became an example in Iran and world history of carpet weaving. The decline of this art from its peak started with the collapse of Safavid rule and continued until the early nineteenth century. Due to the activities of Tabriz business persons, carpet weaving comes to life for a second time and by entering the world market, a new start is practiced. Different and sometimes unique characteristics, also the fact that Tabriz is the center point of north-west carpet weaving style of Iran, makes this city, undoubtedly out of the five city style carpet weaving of Iran. | ||
| − | ==Raw materials, dyeing and weaving== | + | ===Raw materials, dyeing and weaving=== |
Since Azerbaijan is one of the centers of cattle and sheep raising, part of the required [[wool]] for carpet weavers of Tabriz, comes from Macku, Moghan, Urmieh, [[Khoy Rug|Khoy]], Salmas, and part of it is imported. The bigger portion of the material used includes wool, soft wool and [[cotton]] warp and weft. Despite the fact that Tabriz used to be one of the main centers of full-[[silk]] carpet producers, today the use of silk is restricted and only some parts of the carpets have silk and are called: silk flower, silk ground and silk warp which are more popular.<br> | Since Azerbaijan is one of the centers of cattle and sheep raising, part of the required [[wool]] for carpet weavers of Tabriz, comes from Macku, Moghan, Urmieh, [[Khoy Rug|Khoy]], Salmas, and part of it is imported. The bigger portion of the material used includes wool, soft wool and [[cotton]] warp and weft. Despite the fact that Tabriz used to be one of the main centers of full-[[silk]] carpet producers, today the use of silk is restricted and only some parts of the carpets have silk and are called: silk flower, silk ground and silk warp which are more popular.<br> | ||
The looms used are called the Tabriz loom or non-fixed loom on which warp is windered. The knot used for weaving is [[Symmetrical Knot|symmetrical]] (or Turkish knot) and a [[hook]] is used for the knot. The unit used to decide the density of the carpet is the number of the knots per 7-centimeter width, which is called wale. Using offset warp and putting two wefts, one thick and one thin, after each row of the knots and also using men weavers more the women, contrary to other city weavers in Iran, plus using high-numbered wale, with an average of 40 to 50 wales, has caused Tabriz carpet to be and stable along with delicacy and softness as two outstanding characteristics of Tabriz carpet. Moreover, skilled dye workers who are quite aware of natural dyes popular in Azerbaijan and other parts of Iran, is the reason for the use of different variety of colors in Tabriz carpet . These master weavers are quite well at working with natural dyes like: madder, spank. barg-e-mo, nuts shell, porn skin, indigo, red seed and so many such other items along with the high quality stable chemical colors makes it possible for him to create a spectrum of wide variety of different colors second to none in all over the world. | The looms used are called the Tabriz loom or non-fixed loom on which warp is windered. The knot used for weaving is [[Symmetrical Knot|symmetrical]] (or Turkish knot) and a [[hook]] is used for the knot. The unit used to decide the density of the carpet is the number of the knots per 7-centimeter width, which is called wale. Using offset warp and putting two wefts, one thick and one thin, after each row of the knots and also using men weavers more the women, contrary to other city weavers in Iran, plus using high-numbered wale, with an average of 40 to 50 wales, has caused Tabriz carpet to be and stable along with delicacy and softness as two outstanding characteristics of Tabriz carpet. Moreover, skilled dye workers who are quite aware of natural dyes popular in Azerbaijan and other parts of Iran, is the reason for the use of different variety of colors in Tabriz carpet . These master weavers are quite well at working with natural dyes like: madder, spank. barg-e-mo, nuts shell, porn skin, indigo, red seed and so many such other items along with the high quality stable chemical colors makes it possible for him to create a spectrum of wide variety of different colors second to none in all over the world. | ||
| − | ==Design and Pattern== | + | ===Design and Pattern=== |
As stated earlier. Tabriz art school was influenced by great artists like Behzad and his students like Sultan Mohammad. The direct influence of the painters and designated to be one of the biggest Iranian artistic movements of the 17th and 18th centuries of this school on the carpet design, caused the emergence of a special style, Tabriz-centered in north-west Iran. This influence is undeniable, specifically, in the design of images, composition, and coloring. Nowadays, Tabriz as the t main focal point f of production of the city-woven carpets in Azerbaijan has been the source of several developments in carpet design. The tendency to all different designs of corner-[[medallion]], [[Tree|Trees]], [[Vase]], Overall flower, sampler with images like [[Islimi|Eslimi]] (Arabesque), Khataie, [[Shah Abbasi]] flowers, [[Herati]], [[Boteh]] -Jeghie, and ... are widely seen. In the recent decades, specifically, tendency to the production of different visual and painting designs, with extreme delicacy and use of newer designs of European flowers is seen between the weavers. Due to the variety of the spectrum of the colors and the delicate method of weaving, Tabriz is considered the founder and enhancer of the painting weaving style. It is rather difficult to introduce one color or sonic special colors, as the symbol of Tabriz carpet color classification. Beauty is the prime condition for each new design and color to enter Tabriz rug. This fact is an emphasis on the point that why Tabriz should be center of composition of design and color of all different Iranian carpet centers and even further outside Iran. Finding the designs of different places with very different coloring, and sometimes, beyond one's imaginations and expectations, is quite impressive. Some samples, which are woven with different materials like soft wool and silk with more than one hundred colorful spectrums, make a fluent collection, which shows a new challenging soul of the people of this land, and is an emphasis on the great endeavors of the people to obtain the satisfaction of the original Iranian carpet lovers. | As stated earlier. Tabriz art school was influenced by great artists like Behzad and his students like Sultan Mohammad. The direct influence of the painters and designated to be one of the biggest Iranian artistic movements of the 17th and 18th centuries of this school on the carpet design, caused the emergence of a special style, Tabriz-centered in north-west Iran. This influence is undeniable, specifically, in the design of images, composition, and coloring. Nowadays, Tabriz as the t main focal point f of production of the city-woven carpets in Azerbaijan has been the source of several developments in carpet design. The tendency to all different designs of corner-[[medallion]], [[Tree|Trees]], [[Vase]], Overall flower, sampler with images like [[Islimi|Eslimi]] (Arabesque), Khataie, [[Shah Abbasi]] flowers, [[Herati]], [[Boteh]] -Jeghie, and ... are widely seen. In the recent decades, specifically, tendency to the production of different visual and painting designs, with extreme delicacy and use of newer designs of European flowers is seen between the weavers. Due to the variety of the spectrum of the colors and the delicate method of weaving, Tabriz is considered the founder and enhancer of the painting weaving style. It is rather difficult to introduce one color or sonic special colors, as the symbol of Tabriz carpet color classification. Beauty is the prime condition for each new design and color to enter Tabriz rug. This fact is an emphasis on the point that why Tabriz should be center of composition of design and color of all different Iranian carpet centers and even further outside Iran. Finding the designs of different places with very different coloring, and sometimes, beyond one's imaginations and expectations, is quite impressive. Some samples, which are woven with different materials like soft wool and silk with more than one hundred colorful spectrums, make a fluent collection, which shows a new challenging soul of the people of this land, and is an emphasis on the great endeavors of the people to obtain the satisfaction of the original Iranian carpet lovers. | ||
[[Category:Persian Carpets]] | [[Category:Persian Carpets]] | ||
Revision as of 12:23, 19 November 2020
Azerbaijan, located in North-west Iran with Tabriz as its center, with suitable ecological conditions, has always enjoyed a unique position as one of carpet weaving poles. During the Teymorid rule, Tabriz along with Herat, the government center of this dynasty, has been considered an important center of carpet deals. The Tabriz art begins with the start of the rule of the Safavid and transformation of the capital from Herat to Tabriz. As a focal point of the art of the time, Tabriz hosted then world art of artists in all different fields. The carpet weaving art enjoyed a lot from the presence of prominent painters such as Behzad Heravi and his students. This step was completed with the establishment of large carpet weaving workshops and the presence of first ranking weavers, so that the situation became an example in Iran and world history of carpet weaving. The decline of this art from its peak started with the collapse of Safavid rule and continued until the early nineteenth century. Due to the activities of Tabriz business persons, carpet weaving comes to life for a second time and by entering the world market, a new start is practiced. Different and sometimes unique characteristics, also the fact that Tabriz is the center point of north-west carpet weaving style of Iran, makes this city, undoubtedly out of the five city style carpet weaving of Iran.
Raw materials, dyeing and weaving
Since Azerbaijan is one of the centers of cattle and sheep raising, part of the required wool for carpet weavers of Tabriz, comes from Macku, Moghan, Urmieh, Khoy, Salmas, and part of it is imported. The bigger portion of the material used includes wool, soft wool and cotton warp and weft. Despite the fact that Tabriz used to be one of the main centers of full-silk carpet producers, today the use of silk is restricted and only some parts of the carpets have silk and are called: silk flower, silk ground and silk warp which are more popular.
The looms used are called the Tabriz loom or non-fixed loom on which warp is windered. The knot used for weaving is symmetrical (or Turkish knot) and a hook is used for the knot. The unit used to decide the density of the carpet is the number of the knots per 7-centimeter width, which is called wale. Using offset warp and putting two wefts, one thick and one thin, after each row of the knots and also using men weavers more the women, contrary to other city weavers in Iran, plus using high-numbered wale, with an average of 40 to 50 wales, has caused Tabriz carpet to be and stable along with delicacy and softness as two outstanding characteristics of Tabriz carpet. Moreover, skilled dye workers who are quite aware of natural dyes popular in Azerbaijan and other parts of Iran, is the reason for the use of different variety of colors in Tabriz carpet . These master weavers are quite well at working with natural dyes like: madder, spank. barg-e-mo, nuts shell, porn skin, indigo, red seed and so many such other items along with the high quality stable chemical colors makes it possible for him to create a spectrum of wide variety of different colors second to none in all over the world.
Design and Pattern
As stated earlier. Tabriz art school was influenced by great artists like Behzad and his students like Sultan Mohammad. The direct influence of the painters and designated to be one of the biggest Iranian artistic movements of the 17th and 18th centuries of this school on the carpet design, caused the emergence of a special style, Tabriz-centered in north-west Iran. This influence is undeniable, specifically, in the design of images, composition, and coloring. Nowadays, Tabriz as the t main focal point f of production of the city-woven carpets in Azerbaijan has been the source of several developments in carpet design. The tendency to all different designs of corner-medallion, Trees, Vase, Overall flower, sampler with images like Eslimi (Arabesque), Khataie, Shah Abbasi flowers, Herati, Boteh -Jeghie, and ... are widely seen. In the recent decades, specifically, tendency to the production of different visual and painting designs, with extreme delicacy and use of newer designs of European flowers is seen between the weavers. Due to the variety of the spectrum of the colors and the delicate method of weaving, Tabriz is considered the founder and enhancer of the painting weaving style. It is rather difficult to introduce one color or sonic special colors, as the symbol of Tabriz carpet color classification. Beauty is the prime condition for each new design and color to enter Tabriz rug. This fact is an emphasis on the point that why Tabriz should be center of composition of design and color of all different Iranian carpet centers and even further outside Iran. Finding the designs of different places with very different coloring, and sometimes, beyond one's imaginations and expectations, is quite impressive. Some samples, which are woven with different materials like soft wool and silk with more than one hundred colorful spectrums, make a fluent collection, which shows a new challenging soul of the people of this land, and is an emphasis on the great endeavors of the people to obtain the satisfaction of the original Iranian carpet lovers.