Difference between revisions of "Qum Rug"
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Revision as of 09:48, 2 March 2020
| Qum Rug | |
|---|---|
 Design of Qum Rug (Rugman) | |
| General information | |
| Name | Qum Rug |
| Original name | قالی قم |
| Alternative name(s) | Qum Carpet |
| Origin |  Iran: Qum |
| Category | City |
| Technical information | |
| Common designs | Lachak Toranj, Vaqireh |
| Common colors | Beige, Red, Blue, Yellow, Camel, White, Brown, Cream |
| Dyeing method | Natural, Synthetic |
| Pile material | Silk |
| Foundation material | Silk, Cotton |
| Knot type | Asymmetrical (Persian) |
Qum rugs originated from Qum, located in north central Iran, and is just south of Tehran. Since rug production did not begin in Qum until the 1930s, Qum doesn't have any traditional rug designs of its own. They have adapted designs from other regions and personalized them in a unique fashion. The patterns on Qum rugs are typically curvilinear, but landscapes and pictorial motifs recounting historical events are also popular. The color palette on Qum rugs will be predominantly red, blue, and ivory.
History
Qum, also spelled Qom, is the capital city of the recently formed province of Qum in north central Iran. Qum is the second-holiest city after MESHAD for Shia Muslims. Early Qum weaving productions were limited and were marketed as KASHAN carpets.
Carpets from Qum began to appear after World War II. Qum weaving manufacturing is one of the most important and largest growth industries in IRAX. Weavers started by making rugs and carpets of average Kashan quality, but they soon became experts in the production of wool and silk carpets. Qum manufacturers and individual weavers were creative and talented at drawing cartoon designs and implementing fashionable colors.
Carpet production grew rapidly in the city. Rugs were woven in high volume for the domestic and worldwide markets. The popularity of Qum carpets had a great impact on the economy, improving the daily lives of the people of Qum and the surrounding towns and villages.
Qum was home to some important master weavers, the most famous being RASHTIZADEH. He produced rugs with silk foundations and silk piles woven in a high-quality grade with muted, soft coloration. Rashtizadeh products are considered valuable and an art form by experts.
Qum carpets continue to be popular worldwide and are manufactured in areas surrounding Qum to meet market demand.[1]
Materials
Foundation and Pile
The Qum carpets have a cotton foundation and a wool pile or a silk foundation and a silk pile. Some carpets are also made with wool and silk highlights.[2]
Techniques and structures
Color and dyeing
Qum Weavers made varieties of light and dark field tonalities. The colors were interchangeable for the borders and medallion. At times, rugs with a black background were made.[3]
Motifs and Designs
Qum carpet styles are floral and use traditional Persian designs such as the traditional Shah Abbas pattern in allover or medallion styles, allover palmettes, Boteh (paisley), Garden, Herati (fish), Hunting, Lattice, Mihrab (prayer arch), Moharamat (stripes), Shrub, Tree of Life with and without birds and animals, ZiLI SULTAN, and other creative arrangements. Some Qum patterns were inspired by European designs as well.[4]
Weaving techniques
Qum Rug is always employed the Persian (asymmetric) knot. Formats range from small mats to large roomsize carpets. The majority of rugs in sizes of seven feet by four feet as well as small room dimensions were produced for the European market. The rugs are generally good to very fine in grade quality.[5]
See also
References
Bibliography
- Abraham Levi Moheban, (2015), The Encyclopedia of Antique Carpets: Twenty-Five Centuries of Weaving, NewYork: Princeton Architectural Press.
- Qum rugs, JOZAN: Rug news and antique rugs.