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== History ==

== History ==

Nain is a town located in the Isfahan Province of central Iran. In the second quarter of the twentieth century, a number of families from Nain started producing rugs with ISFAHAN patterns. Prior to this there was no commercial carpet industry in Nain. Nain quality is counted by the thickness of the warp in the foundation, with four-, six-, nine-, or twelve-ply used. Four-ply is considered the very finest in quality. The warp is always machinespun for uniformity. For several decades up until the 1970s, Nain weavers utilized six-ply warps that were fine in quality. The famous Nain master weaver HABIBIAN made the highest-quality rugs using a four- or six-ply warp. His carpets are signed “Habibian," in Farsi, and are considered valuable today. With the growing demand, Nain manufacturers began to produce and market nine-ply and twelveply carpets starting in the last quarter of the twentieth century. They were made for lower-budget consumers with the same coloration and designs, but in a good to very good grade quality. During this period, carpet producers in the town of Nain and the surrounding area were not able to handle the volume of requests of the world market, and Nain carpet producers began to establish looms in other Iranian provinces such as KHORASAN, SHAHR KURD BAKHTIARI, YAZD, and many other locations to weave Nain style carpets mostly in nine-and twelve-ply qualities to meet the increasing demand. Nains were marketed for foreign and domestic highend consumers.<ref>Moheban, 2015, p.419-421</ref><br>

'''Nain''' is a town located in the '''Isfahan''' Province of central Iran. In the second quarter of the twentieth century, a number of families from Nain started producing rugs with ISFAHAN patterns. Prior to this there was no commercial carpet industry in Nain. Nain quality is counted by the thickness of the warp in the foundation, with four-, six-, nine-, or twelve-ply used. Four-ply is considered the very finest in quality. The warp is always machinespun for uniformity. For several decades up until the 1970s, Nain weavers utilized six-ply warps that were fine in quality. The famous Nain master weaver HABIBIAN made the highest-quality rugs using a four- or six-ply warp. His carpets are signed “Habibian," in Farsi, and are considered valuable today. With the growing demand, Nain manufacturers began to produce and market nine-ply and twelveply carpets starting in the last quarter of the twentieth century. They were made for lower-budget consumers with the same coloration and designs, but in a good to very good grade quality. During this period, carpet producers in the town of Nain and the surrounding area were not able to handle the volume of requests of the world market, and Nain carpet producers began to establish looms in other Iranian provinces such as KHORASAN, SHAHR KURD BAKHTIARI, YAZD, and many other locations to weave Nain style carpets mostly in nine-and twelve-ply qualities to meet the increasing demand. Nains were marketed for foreign and domestic highend consumers.<ref>Moheban, 2015, p.419-421</ref><br>

No sample or any other evidence is available to show when the art of carpet weaving began in Nain. It is likely that the existence of other profitable industries, cloak weaving for example, was a hindrance to the development of carpet weaving there.<br>

No sample or any other evidence is available to show when the art of carpet weaving began in Nain. It is likely that the existence of other profitable industries, cloak weaving for example, was a hindrance to the development of carpet weaving there.<br>

After the downfall of such first-class textile products as the shawl of Kerman and the velvet and silk fabrics of Kashan that happened in the wake of the rapid growth of textile industry last century, the third in line to fall victim was the Naini aba, This proved to be a blessing as it triggered abā weavers to resort to weaving very fine carpets. A more precise date for the trend was when the first modern school was established in Nain in 1917 by Mirza Bagher Khan Adib. Later, Mirza Jalal Khan Naini, a superintendent of the school from 1917 to 1928, opened another school in Na'in at his own expense to provide carpet-weaving training to those boy pupils who could not continue their education beyond elementary level. He brought two weaving masters from Isfahan (Mirza Hossein and Mirza Javād Sajjadi) to instruct the pupils. At about the same time, a teacher from the city of Arak named Mirza Ali Mohammad, who had learned all the arts and crafts related to carpet making in his home town, immigrated to Na'in with his wife. The lady began to train girl weavers in Nain.<br>

After the downfall of such first-class textile products as the shawl of Kerman and the velvet and silk fabrics of Kashan that happened in the wake of the rapid growth of textile industry last century, the third in line to fall victim was the Naini aba, This proved to be a blessing as it triggered abā weavers to resort to weaving very fine carpets. A more precise date for the trend was when the first modern school was established in Nain in 1917 by Mirza Bagher Khan Adib. Later, Mirza Jalal Khan Naini, a superintendent of the school from 1917 to 1928, opened another school in Na'in at his own expense to provide carpet-weaving training to those boy pupils who could not continue their education beyond elementary level. He brought two weaving masters from Isfahan (Mirza Hossein and Mirza Javād Sajjadi) to instruct the pupils. At about the same time, a teacher from the city of Arak named Mirza Ali Mohammad, who had learned all the arts and crafts related to carpet making in his home town, immigrated to Na'in with his wife. The lady began to train girl weavers in Nain.<br>