Abadeh Rug
| Abadeh Rug | |
|---|---|
 Design of Abadeh Rug (Rugman) | |
| General information | |
| Name | Abadeh Rug |
| Original name | قالی آباده |
| Alternative name(s) | Abadeh Carpet |
| Origin |  Iran: Fars |
| Category | Village |
| Technical information | |
| Common designs | Tribal, Geometric, Vase |
| Common colors | Red, Ivory, Beige, Blue, Yellow |
| Dyeing method | Natural, Synthetic |
| Pile material | Wool |
| Foundation material | Cotton, Goat Hair |
| Knot type | Symmetrical (Turkish), Asymmetrical (Persian) |
Abadeh rugs are hand woven in the Fars Province of southwestern Iran. Abadeh rugs are woven in the village on smaller looms usually kept in the living room or main bedroom and can take from months up to one or two years to complete, depending on the size.
History
Abadeh is a town located on the main road between Isfahan and Shiraz in the Fars Province of southwestern Iran.[1] many Qashqai, Lori and Afshari tribes have settled in Abadeh. They are similar in look to Persian rugs from Shiraz but differ in their use of blue cotton weft. Abadeh is also traditionally where the nomadic Qashqai, during their north/south seasonal migration, would cross. As a result of its unique location, Abadeh’s importance as a market town grew over the centuries – because so many different nomadic tribes passed through it, there was a significant cultural exchange between Abadeh itself, and her many visitors.[2] Abadeh rugs are known in the market from the mid-twentieth century.[3]
Materials
Foundation and Pile
The Abadeh rugs have a cotton foundation and a wool pile. [4]
Techniques and structures
Color and dyeing
The background colors of Abadeh rugs are mainly reds, but gold, blues, turquoise, camel, and ivory also appear. The borders, in general, have reds or dark blues. In addition to these colors, shades of green, brown, cinnamon, and gray were used for the flowers and design elements. Dark brown or black was used for design outlines. [5] The colors on Abadeh rugs are traditionally dark blue, bright green, and light red, while the corners are usually ivory or white.
Motifs and Designs
The designs Abadeh rug are geometric and have SHIRAZ regional tribal styles. The patterns are allover, single medallion, or multiple medallions in the center of the field. Generally, the medallions are lozenge-shaped and surrounded by stylized Hook motifs. Small flower heads, leaves, vines, animals, and birds are applied in the field designs. Early Abadeh rugs, especially those of high quality, have the ZILI SULTAN pattern of vase with flower bouquets and birds on both sides repeated in the field on an ivory background.[6]
Abadeh rugs are known for the Heybatlu design- a single diamond-shaped medallion in the center and four smaller medallions at each corner. This very distinctive design has virtually remained unchanged for decades. The medallion on Abadeh rugs encloses a number of stylized, geometrical animal, flower, and bird patterns. Stylized tree of life motifs emanate from the center rosette and the spandrels, while many small geometric motifs are interspersed throughout the field and medallion.
Weaving techniques
Abadeh rug is used the Persian (asymmetric) knot. Abadeh rug grade quality is medium to fine, with excellent tribal pile wool. The rugs were made with a double weft and are durable. The dimensions range from mats to small room-size rugs. Large quantities of square-format rugs, suitable for the European market, were produced. Abadeh rugs were exported in high volume because of their durability and nomadic designs.
By the late twentieth century, some weavers from Abadeh converted from their original designs to make carpets and rugs in the styles of other weaving regions in Iran to meet the demand of domestic and export consumers.[7] The sizes of Abadeh rugs tend to be mid-size ranging up to 7’ by 10’ and rug runners ranging up to 16’.
Gallery
Abadeh Rug-1940, JOZAN: Rug news and antique rugs.
Abadeh Rug-David Wilkins, JOZAN: Rug news and antique rugs.
Abadeh Rug-Jacobsen Oriental Rugs JOZAN: Rug news and antique rugs.
Abadeh Rugs-Rugs And More, JOZAN: Rug news and antique rugs.
See also
References
Bibliography
- Abraham Levi Moheban, (2015), The Encyclopedia of Antique Carpets: Twenty-Five Centuries of Weaving, NewYork: Princeton Architectural Press.
- JOZAN: Rug news and antique rugs.
- Nazmiyal Antique Rugs, (2019).