Fereydan Rug
| Fereydan Rug | |
|---|---|
 Design of Fereydan Rug (Rugman) | |
| General information | |
| Name | Fereydan Rug |
| Original name | قالی فریدن |
| Alternative name(s) | Fereydan Carpet |
| Origin |  Iran: Isfahan |
| Category | Village |
| Technical information | |
| Common designs | Kheshti |
| Common colors | Crismon, Navy Blue, White, Yellow, Green |
| Dyeing method | Natural, Synthetic |
| Pile material | Wool |
| Foundation material | Cotton |
| Knot type | Symmetrical (Turkish) |
Fereydan rugs are a type of Persian rug. Woven in the region of Isfahan. Fereydan rugs follow the Turkish (symmetric) knots. The Fereydan rugs and carpets are woven in the semi-geometric, traditional Bakhtiari styles, with medallion, allover, pendant, or panel Garden designs.
History
Fereydan is a region located in the Isfahan Province of central Iran. It has a Georgian and Armenian population that was forcefully moved to this region during the Safavid Empire’s occupation of the CAUCASUS region in the early seventeenth century. The Bakhtiari tribe settled in this area and constitutes a large part of the Fereydan population. Rugs and carpets woven in this region—called “Fereydan-Bakhtiari”—are known in the market from the last quarter of the nineteenth century. During this period “Khan” carpets were produced and commissioned in Fereydan for officials and Khanate rulers. Some early rugs made by Armenian weavers with high-quality wool and coloration are called “Armeni Boft,” which means “made by Armenians” in Farsi.
By the late twentieth century some Fereydan weavers switched from weaving traditional designs to styles similar to those of other regions in Iran in accordance with domestic and foreign export demand. These weavings may be marketed by the origin of design and color produced rather than the weaving location.[1]
Materials
Foundation and Pile
Early Fereydan carpets may have a wool foundation, but generally it is cotton with a wool pile.[2]
Techniques and structures
Color and dyeing
The background and border colors Fereydan Rug are mainly strong reds, dark blues, or ivory. Additionally, shades of brown, gold, green, blue, and black are woven for the flowers and design elements. Dark brown or black is applied in design outlines.[3]
Motifs and Designs
Fereydan rugs and carpets are woven in the semi-geometric, traditional Bakhtiari styles, with medallion, allover, pendant, or panel Garden designs. The garden designs have Kheshti (square) or lozenge shapes in the field, with flowers, Shrub motifs, or trees.[4]
Weaving techniques
The Turkish (symmetric) knot is invariably utilized in Fereydan Rug. The formats range from small bags to carpets in large room dimensions. The weaving quality is generally medium to good in grade.[5]
See also
References
Bibliography
- Abraham Levi Moheban, (2015), The Encyclopedia of Antique Carpets: Twenty-Five Centuries of Weaving, NewYork: Princeton Architectural Press.